傳教士醫學 Missionary Medicine

The primary work of the Missionary medicine was to relieve the physical suffering of the sick, to help the poor and disadvantaged, and to advocate humane care in order to achieve missionary objectives. At the end of May 1865, James Laidlaw Maxwell (1836-1921), a medical missionary of the Free Church of Scotland, landed in Kaohsiung when he came to Taiwan from Xiamen. Maxwell created the model for medical mission work in southern Taiwan and had a major impact by establishing the first western hospital in Tainan.

George Leslie Mackay (1844-1901), a native of Ontario, Canada, was the first Canadian Presbyterian missionary sent overseas. He arrived in Taiwan in 1871, and settled in Tamsui the next year, where he began his missionary work for 29 years. Makai's missionary work was mainly through traveling and learning the local language as a medium to spread the teachings. He also practiced medicine and ran schools to educate people in the settlements, spreading his footprints all over Northern Taiwan, and successively set up the Makai Medical Clinic, the Oxford School, and the Women's School to serve the people.

Source from Taiwan Cultural Memory Bank

In the 1880s, William Wykeham Myers (1842-1920) opened the first medical school in Taiwan at the Mude Hospital in Kaohsiung, which was the beginning of the introduction of Western medical education to Taiwan.While in charge of the Mude Hospital, Myers made numerous fundraising efforts for the Mude Hospital and medical education programs. He also sought support from Li Hongzhang 李鴻章, the Viceroy of Zhili during the late Qing (Lu & Lai, 2018).

Another case is David Landsborough （1870—1957）in Changhua, a town in central Taiwan. After graduating from Edinburgh University Medical School in 1895, David Landsborough （1870—1957）moved to Taiwan and spent 40 years there as a medical missionary. He also devoted himself to the training of Taiwan's local Western medical practitioners.The man in the centre of the photo below right is Dr David Landsborough. The three gown-wearers are students of Dr David Landsborough, who stayed at the hospital as doctors after graduation.

建檔單位：財團法人切膚之愛社會福利慈善事業基金會

Source from Taiwan Cultural Memory Bank https://memory.culture.tw/Home/Detail?Id=630499&IndexCode=Culture_Event

David Landsborough spared no effort in the medical education of his students, and he trained many of them. Through the apprenticeship system of teaching, he introduced basic Western medicine, and combined it with practical clinical internships, which was quite similar to that of a modern medical school, and most of his students were able to pass the national exams. 

Addition:

Peih-Ying Lu, Shu-Fang Lai (2018). Western Medical Education in Formosa in the 19th Century: David Manson Memorial Hospital and its Medical Education Scheme. Scheme. Technology, medicine and society, (26), 55-114. https://doi.org/10.6464/TJSSTM.201804_(26).0002